Flatbed Shipping Best Practices: Proper Securement, Permits & Safety Tips

Flatbed shipping continues to be one of the most versatile and essential modes in U.S. freight. From oversized machinery to lumber, steel, and construction materials, flatbeds can move freight that traditional enclosed trailers simply can’t handle. But with that flexibility comes greater responsibility. Shippers must understand proper securement techniques, regulatory requirements, and safety best practices to ensure every load moves efficiently—and legally.

At Welcome Logistics, we help customers navigate the complexities of flatbed transportation every day. Whether you’re shipping your first open-deck load or looking to tighten up compliance and safety standards, here are the flatbed shipping fundamentals every shipper should know.

1. Proper Load Securement: The Foundation of Safe Flatbed Shipping

Cargo securement violations continue to be one of the most common issues found during DOT inspections—especially during CVSA Roadcheck events. Improper securement isn’t just a compliance issue; it can be extremely dangerous for drivers, other motorists, and your freight.

Here are the top securement best practices:

Use the Right Securement Equipment

Depending on the freight type and weight, flatbed drivers may use:

• Chains

• Binders

• Winch straps

• Ratchet straps

• Edge protectors

• Dunnage (wood blocks)

• Coil racks and tarp systems

Every piece of equipment must be in good working condition with no tears, cracks, or compromised hardware.

Follow FMCSA Securement Requirements

The FMCSA specifies the minimum number of tiedowns based on weight:

• At least two tiedowns for loads 10 feet or shorter

• One additional tiedown for every additional 10 feet

• For heavy machinery, coils, and irregular freight, additional rules apply

Shippers should be aware of these regulations, even though carriers are ultimately responsible for execution.

Balance and Distribute Weight Evenly

Improper weight distribution can cause:

• Steering issues

• Braking hazards

• Violations at weigh stations

• Damage to the trailer and cargo

Ensure the freight is centered, balanced, and adequately supported with dunnage when needed.

Don’t Forget Load Protection

For freight sensitive to weather or road debris, tarping is essential. Types of tarps include:

• Lumber tarps

• Steel tarps

• Coil tarps

• Oversized tarps

Tarping must be tight, secure, and free of tears that could expose the load during transit.

2. Understanding Permits: Oversize, Overweight & State Requirements

Flatbed shipments often involve cargo that exceeds standard legal limits. When this happens, shippers need to secure the proper permits ahead of time to avoid delays or fines.

Know the Legal Standard Limits

In most states, the baseline maximums are:

• Width: 8 ft. 6 in.

• Height: 13 ft. 6 in.

• Length: 48–53 ft. (varies by state)

• Weight: 80,000 lbs. gross vehicle weight

Anything above these limits requires a special permit.

Oversized Load Permits

Oversized permits are needed when freight exceeds the approved width, height, or length. These permits may dictate:

• Required signage

• Escort vehicles

• Approved travel routes

• Time-of-day travel restrictions

Certain states restrict OS/OW loads during weekends, holidays, or peak traffic periods.

Overweight Permits

Overweight freight above 80,000 lbs. requires a separate permit. Depending on axle weight and spacing, carriers may need:

• Single-trip permits

• Annual permits

• Route-specific approvals

Route Planning Matters

Some states have:

• Construction detours

• Seasonal frost laws

• Bridge weight limits

• Curfews for large loads

Partnering with a logistics provider who manages this process can eliminate costly surprises.

3. Safety Tips for Flatbed Shipping: Protecting Drivers, Freight & Compliance

Safety in flatbed transport goes beyond securement and permits. Open-deck freight introduces unique risks that require strong communication and safe working practices.

Conduct Thorough Pre-Trip & Post-Trip Inspections

Drivers must check:

• Tiedown tension

• Strap or chain integrity

• Tarp security

• Trailer condition (brakes, lights, tires)

• Weight distribution

• Load shift indicators

Shippers who assist with securement should be familiar with these inspection essentials.

Minimize On-Site Risk During Loading

Common best practices include:

• Using proper PPE (gloves, steel-toe boots, safety vests)

• Avoiding walking on top of freight, especially coils or rounded material

• Ensuring forklifts, cranes, and loaders are operated by trained personnel

• Keeping the loading zone clear of unnecessary personnel

Flatbed loading zones are active, hazardous environments—visibility and communication are key.

Ensure Clear Directions & Freight Details

Inaccurate freight information can lead to:

• Permit issues

• Trailer mismatches

• Improper securement planning

• Safety hazards

Shippers should always provide:

• Dimensions (L × W × H)

• Weight

• Center of gravity notes

• Loading/unloading requirements

• Whether tarping or special securement is needed

Partner With Reputable Carriers

Flatbed shipments depend heavily on the skill and expertise of the driver and carrier. At Welcome Logistics, we work with trusted flatbed carriers with verified safety scores and strong compliance records—because the right partner makes all the difference.

4. When to Use a 3PL for Flatbed Freight

Flatbed can quickly get complicated, especially with specialized equipment, permits, and regulatory requirements. A 3PL like Welcome Logistics helps shippers by:

• Managing OS/OW permits

• Selecting the right trailer (standard flatbed, step deck, RGN, double-drop, etc.)

• Verifying carrier safety and experience

• Coordinating route planning

• Ensuring compliance with securement and DOT requirements

• Improving delivery performance and communication

• Negotiating competitive rates across lanes

The result? A safer, more predictable, and more efficient flatbed shipping experience.

Final Takeaway

Flatbed shipping is one of the most efficient ways to move large, heavy, or irregular freight—but it requires a high level of precision and planning. By focusing on proper securement, understanding permitting rules, and emphasizing safety, shippers can protect their cargo, reduce risk, and keep their operations running smoothly.

With Welcome Logistics as your partner, you gain the knowledge, carrier network, and experience needed to move open-deck freight with confidence—no matter how complex the load.